Detecting and sorting available extracellular neuronal action potentials remains challenging in neuroscience. This bottleneck stems from uncertainty about the origin of a substantial fraction of the signals present in electrophysiological recordings, leading to systematic removal of a fraction of the recordings. Aiming for generalizable solutions, this workshop will approach the bottleneck by separating the extracellular contributions from dendrites, soma, and axons. Biophysics predicts that each of these compartments generates distinct extracellular waveforms that collectively, yet in varying proportions, contribute to extracellularly recorded spikes. The central aim is to disentangle the contribution from these three compartments to enable more inclusive, and more precise interpretations of in vivo electrophysiological data.
There is a strong push to create more reliable, more automated approaches that bypass the need for manual curation. Machine learning methods show promise to replace manual curation, yet they will require reliable ground-truth. We hypothesize here that the origin of exotic waveforms can be reframed as putative combination(s) from different neuronal compartments with the known sequential activation. A systematic reorganization of existing datasets, conditioned to libraries of waveform based on the three ubiquitous neural compartments, might already be sufficient to lay the foundation for tomorrow’s automated tools.
The speakers will showcase recent advances in both biophysical modeling and in vivo measurements identifying neuronal compartments in extracellular potentials, with the objective of better cataloguing the waveforms that are currently attributed to each of the three neuronal compartments. Thus, we assess the diversity of these waveforms across existing recordings. We target a broad audience, including computational modelers, spikes sorting experts, and users of high-density silicon probes, each offering complementary perspectives on the complexity of the problem.
09:15 – 09:40 Rishikesh Narayanan (Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India) Local field potentials: Active dendritic and gap junctional contributions
09:40 – 10:05 Alexandra Tzilivaki (Charité University Hospital, Berlin, Germany) Mapping Waveforms from the Inside Out: Dendritic and Topological Control by PV+ Interneurons
10:05 – 10:30 Paula Kuokkanen(Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany) Axonal field contributions – a rule or an exception?
10:30 – 11:00 Pause
11:00 – 11:25 Sharon Crook (Arizona State University, AZ, US) Discovering features for neuron-type identification from extracellular recordings
11:25 – 11:45 Costas Anastassiou (Cedars-Sinai and Caltech, Los Angeles, CA, US) In vivo identification of human cortical cell types in human electrophysiological recordings
11:45 – 12:15 Nick Steinmetz (University of Washington in Seattle, WA, US) Insights and puzzles about high density extracellular waveforms from Neuropixels Ultra
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